驱动挂钩所有内核导出函数来进行驱动逻辑分析

太长不看

• 内核hook框架 282K9s2c8@1M7s2y4Q4x3@1q4Q4x3V1k6Q4x3V1k6Y4K9i4c8Z5N6h3u0Q4x3X3g2U0L8$3#2Q4x3V1k6K6L8h3q4D9L8s2A6Z5L8$3&6Y4i4K6u0r3K9$3g2J5L8X3g2D9K9r3!0G2K9H3`.`.
• 使用上面框架进行对驱动所有导出函数进行挂钩，从而很方便地对驱动进行分析 508K9s2c8@1M7s2y4Q4x3@1q4Q4x3V1k6Q4x3V1k6Y4K9i4c8Z5N6h3u0Q4x3X3g2U0L8$3#2Q4x3V1k6K6L8h3q4D9L8s2A6Z5L8$3&6Y4i4K6u0r3K9$3g2J5L8X3g2D9i4K6g2X3L8h3!0F1K9i4c8G2M7R3`.`.
• 欢迎大家来star，感恩！您的小星星是对我莫大的鼓励！

引言

• 三年前我写了一个用来在内核做 inlinehook 的项目 [原创]开源一个自己写的简易的windows内核hook框架 。写这个框架的初衷是我发现并没有一个很好用的在windows内核进行 inlinehook 的框架。米松大佬曾经把 detours 移植到了内核 9abK9s2c8@1M7s2y4Q4x3@1q4Q4x3V1k6Q4x3V1k6Y4K9i4c8Z5N6h3u0Q4x3X3g2U0L8$3#2Q4x3V1k6y4K9i4u0G2d9$3q4C8N6g2)9J5c8V1c8W2N6r3!0#2M7Y4y4j5 ，这个框架很好用，但是 detours 本身是为了三环挂钩开发的，其设计之初好像并没有考虑内核挂钩的特殊情况，因此如果出现了4字节相对寻址，其还是会按照三环的逻辑来修复这个4字节寻址。而此时4字节寻址已经无论如何满足不了需求了，因为申请的内存在2GB开外。在该项目的issue区可以看到 2d0K9s2c8@1M7s2y4Q4x3@1q4Q4x3V1k6Q4x3V1k6Y4K9i4c8Z5N6h3u0Q4x3X3g2U0L8$3#2Q4x3V1k6y4K9i4u0G2d9$3q4C8N6g2)9J5c8V1c8W2N6r3!0#2M7Y4y4j5i4K6u0r3K9i4y4K6N6h3g2K6i4K6u0r3x3R3`.`. 挂钩 MmIsAddressValid 失败的情况。这里就是因为有一个E8 call，detoursX 修复相对地址失败了。如图是hook之前的情况

  

  hook之后，这个e8 call并没有被正确修复，导致跳到不存在的地址

  

  事实上，对于这种有相对寻址的情况，并不能简单修复4字节的相对地址。因为内核是一个很宽广的空间，4字节只能寻址4GB内存，内核是申请不到离得这么近的内存地址用来存放 trampoline 的。为了解决这个问题，我写了一个hook框架，在框架中对相对寻址进行了特判，使得所有相对寻址都能正确找到对应的位置。

• 三年前写的只是一个简单的框架，后来慢慢适配了很多特殊情况，并修改了一些存在的bug，慢慢提高了整个框架的鲁棒性。

KernelHook

在函数中没有任何相对寻址指令时的 hook 流程

如图，假设未被hook的代码如黄色图块显示。代码顺序为ABCDE，假设ABC三条指令加起来长度大于14字节，可以放下 ff 25 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 这个跳转。本框架会自动识别这三条代码的长度，然后将其替换为一个 ff25 jmp。其跳到自己申请的一块空间。跳转完成之后首先进行环境的保存，将所有寄存器保存到栈中。然后call一个C语言写的callback函数。可以在这个函数中进行相应的操作。如果这个函数的返回值是 FALSE ，则跳转回原函数处进行执行。如果为 TRUE ，则直接return，不再执行原函数。如果需要执行原函数，则重新POP所有之前保存的寄存器，然后执行 A B C 三条语句，最后通过一个 ff25 jmp跳到原函数中的下一行处执行（在此示例中是D处)。

代码中存在相对寻址跳转的情况

• 本框架适配了大量相对跳转的模式，如7X XX && E1 xx && E2 xx && E3 xx && EB xx一字节短跳，0F 8X XX XX XX XX四字节相对跳转，E8 E9四字节短跳和call等。这些情况的处理方法都如下图所示

  假设 ABC 三条语句中，只有B这一条语句是一个使用了相对跳转的语句。这里用 74 XX 这个JE跳转举例。

  

  如图，本框架会自动计算出来跳转的目的地的绝对地址，然后生成一条 FF25 无条件跳转语句放在 shellcode 的最末尾。然后把74跳转的目标改为这一条FF25跳转指令的相对地址。这样的话，如果这条JE跳转条件成立，会跳转到FF25指令处，然后FF25跳转到原先的绝对地址处。这样保证了逻辑的正确性。其他1字节、4字节的相对寻址跳转都使用了这样的思想来进行修正。

代码中存在使用4字节相对寻址的 test、lea、mov的情况

• 这种情况比较复杂，因为这些代码并不像跳转指令那样可以简单使用FF25作为trampoline跳回真正的绝对地址。而且这些指令并不存在可以使用绝对地址寻址的指令版本，因此也不能将其特殊改造为绝对寻址版本。在本框架中，处理的方法如下：16字节对齐地查找被hook的模块中全0的地址，然后把相对寻址的代码复制过去，因为这时的地址在对应模块地址内部，因此可以完成相对寻址的执行。逻辑如图

  

特殊处理 48 8d 05 LEA

内核中大量存在 48 8D 05这种相对寻址代码。主要出现在Zw函数中。如果所有的函数都使用寻找模块内空白地址进行跳转的方法，会出现模块内空白地址耗尽导致无法hook的问题，因此这里对这种情况做了一下特判。把这个LEA改成了一个 48 B8的 MOV RAX, IMM64。

• 如下图所示

  

HOOK大部分导出函数，实现内核的详细监控

特殊情况处理

• 有了上面的hook框架，就可以考虑对内核的一些函数进行hook来进行对特定驱动的系统函数调用流程分析了。首先需要专门处理一种特殊情况，在这种情况下，不能直接hook函数。那就是，如果有其他代码会跳转到开头需要覆盖的指令的中间，就不能直接对函数进行hook。说起来有点拗口，但是举一个例子就明白了，如下

• 比如这个函数 RtlUnalignedStringCchLengthW ，可以看到

  

  在开头第12个字节有一个基本块，在其他地方有跳转到这个基本块的代码。在这种情况下，如果直接填入 ff25（14个字节），会覆盖这个位置。而后面的jnz还是有可能跳转到这个地址，这就会导致跳转到corrupted memory，而产生不可控的后果。

• 解决这个问题的办法是写一个IDA脚本对这种情况进行特判，一旦函数开头前14个字节出现了可能被其他基本块跳转到的基本块，就标记为False，不处理这个函数。判断函数如下

  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

  def has_xrefs_to_middle(start_ea, end_ea):     instr_size = idc.get_item_size(start_ea)     start_ea += instr_size     while start_ea < end_ea:         t = idautils.CodeRefsTo(start_ea, False)         for i in t:             return True         instr_size = idc.get_item_size(start_ea)         start_ea += instr_size     return False

对调用地址的监控

• 内核的导出函数都是一些调用非常频繁的函数，每时每刻都会有驱动程序对他们进行调用。全部记录下来是非常不现实的事情，会导致系统完全卡死。因此这里需要通过返回地址对调用来源进行选择性判断，只打印来自特定来源的函数调用。本监控框架封装了一个用于维护监控地址集合的singleton。可以通过以下三个宏

  1 2 3

  #define ADD_MONITOR_RANGE(start, end) smallzhong::MonitorAddressManager::GetInstance().AddMonitorRange((start), (end)) #define DEL_FROM_MONITOR_LIST(addr) smallzhong::MonitorAddressManager::GetInstance().DelFromMonitorList((addr)) #define FILTER_RET_ADDR(ret_addr) smallzhong::MonitorAddressManager::GetInstance().FilterRetAddr((ret_addr))

  来添加、删除监控范围，以及判断某一个地址是否正在被监控。

• 如下是IDA脚本自动生成的一个handler。可以看到使用了 FILTER_RET_ADDR 判断调用来源，只有返回地址是特定来源的调用，才进行打印四个参数和返回地址的记录。

  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

  BOOLEAN handler_c4a77d9f(PGuestContext context) {     ULONG64 origin_ret_addr = *(PULONG64)(context->mRsp);     if (FILTER_RET_ADDR(origin_ret_addr))     {         LOG_INFO("Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag\nRCX: %llx, RDX: %llx, R8: %llx, R9: %llx\nReturn Address: %llx\n\n",             context->mRcx, context->mRdx, context->mR8, context->mR9, origin_ret_addr);     }     return FALSE; }

使用流程

• 使用nuget导入米松哥封装的 Musa.Runtime ，开始愉快地在内核编写C++代码

• 把需要监控的驱动用IDA打开，打开 scripts\AutoGen.py ，ctrl + h 全局修改修改里面硬编码的保存路径后运行 AutoGen.py 脚本，得到 available_funcs.inc 、 handlers.h 、 handlers.c 三个自动生成的文件，并将其导入vs项目中。

• 在 DriverMain 中特定 Hook 自己感兴趣的函数。

• 加载驱动，查看日志。

使用本框架对驱动进行分析，以2025腾讯游戏安全决赛题目为例

• 决赛题目下载地址如下 a99K9s2c8@1M7s2y4Q4x3@1q4Q4x3V1k6Q4x3V1k6Y4M7%4y4Q4x3X3g2@1k6h3&6U0k6h3&6@1i4K6u0W2j5$3!0E0i4K6u0r3j5$3!0E0M7r3g2@1K9i4c8A6L8$3&6Q4x3V1j5J5x3o6t1#2i4K6u0r3M7X3q4U0k6g2)9J5k6r3k6A6L8X3q4D9i4K6u0W2K9s2c8E0 。

设置分析环境

• 在 DriverMain 中设置 ImageCallback

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  EXTERN_C NTSTATUS DriverMain(const PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject, const PUNICODE_STRING Registry) {     LOG_INFO("entry\r\n");       NTSTATUS status = STATUS_SUCCESS;     status = PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine(ImageLoadCallback);     ... }

  在 callback 中检查是否为 ACEDriver.sys 被加载，如果是的话，添加相应监控范围。

  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

  VOID ImageLoadCallback(     PUNICODE_STRING FullImageName,     HANDLE ProcessId,     PIMAGE_INFO ImageInfo) {       if (ProcessId == 0 && FullImageName != NULL)     {           // 检查是否是 ACEDriver.sys 被加载         if (wcsstr(FullImageName->Buffer, L"\\ACEDriver.sys"))         {             LOG_INFO("ACEDriver.sys" " has been loaded!\n");             LOG_INFO("Image Base: %p\n", ImageInfo->ImageBase);             LOG_INFO("Image Size: %llx\n", ImageInfo->ImageSize);               ADD_MONITOR_RANGE((ULONG64)ImageInfo->ImageBase, (ULONG64)ImageInfo->ImageBase + ImageInfo->ImageSize);         }     } }

• 开启虚拟机，加载本分析框架。

  

  成功自动 hook 所有导出函数中可以hook的函数。

加载 ACEDriver.sys

• 加载后完整 log 如下

可以看到，中间出现了一次 KDTARGET: Refreshing KD connection 信息，再往上看，发现是 KdRefreshDebuggerNotPresent 函数被调用了。也就是说其使用了这个函数进行反调试。返回地址是 fffff8044d121634 ，imagebase是 FFFFF8044C9C0000 ，算出对这个函数进行调用的位置是 ACEDriver.sys + 0X761634 。直接通过dump的代码进入这个位置，发现这里是一个 ExQueueWorkItem 起来的线程，从log中也可以看出来调用了 ExQueueWorkItem 。最终分析得出结论：需要 hook KdDisableDebugger 和 KdRefreshDebuggerNotPresent 两个函数，并手动设置返回值。实现如下

在 handler 里面直接修改 mRax 返回值，并 return TRUE 。在本框架中， return TRUE 是不调用原始函数，设置寄存器后直接返回。因此效果是，调用 KdDisableDebugger 直接返回 STATUS_SUCCESS ，不调用原始函数。调用 KdRefreshDebuggerNotPresent 返回1，这个值表明当前没有挂上调试器。在加上这两个函数的hook后，重新加载驱动。

hook后再次加载 ACEDriver.sys

• 把前文说到的相关hook加上后再次加载，这次不会蓝屏了。完整log如下

  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771

  [smallzhong][ImageLoadCallback():22] ACEDriver.sys has been loaded! [smallzhong][ImageLoadCallback():23] Image Base: FFFFF8044CFA0000 [smallzhong][ImageLoadCallback():24] Image Size: 12ce000 Function: ExAllocatePool RCX: 200, RDX: 1a0, R8: fffff80445f331f0, R9: ffffbc84b35d2768 Return Address: fffff8044dfcac91   Function: NtQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffbc84b35d2650, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35d2648 Return Address: fffff8044dd9062a   Function: ExAllocatePool RCX: 200, RDX: 19710, R8: ffffbc84b35d2380, R9: ffffbc84b35d23e0 Return Address: fffff8044dd76230   Function: NtQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd384234c5000, R8: 19710, R9: ffffbc84b35d2648 Return Address: fffff8044d7059a8   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd384234c5000, RDX: 0, R8: fffff80445e00000, R9: fffff80445e313e0 Return Address: fffff8044dd8ce2a   Function: IoAllocateMdl RCX: fffff8044cfa0000, RDX: 762537, R8: 0, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044e072507   Function: MmProbeAndLockPages RCX: ffffd384233e2000, RDX: 0, R8: 1, R9: ffffbc84b35d2760 Return Address: fffff8044e0c65ef   Function: MmMapLockedPagesSpecifyCache RCX: ffffd384233e2000, RDX: 0, R8: 1, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044e115827   Function: ExAllocatePool RCX: 200, RDX: 3e6c, R8: ffffbc84b35d2768, R9: fffffff86df59f7a Return Address: fffff8044df5b359   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38422dc8000, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b35d2768, R9: 2 Return Address: fffff8044ddbd486   Function: NtQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffbc84b35d2650, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35d2648 Return Address: fffff8044dd9062a   Function: ExAllocatePool RCX: 200, RDX: 19710, R8: ffffbc84b35d2380, R9: ffffbc84b35d23e0 Return Address: fffff8044dd76230   Function: NtQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd384234c5000, R8: 19710, R9: ffffbc84b35d2648 Return Address: fffff8044d7059a8   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd384234c5000, RDX: 0, R8: fffff80445e00000, R9: fffff80445e313e0 Return Address: fffff8044dd8ce2a   Function: NtQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffbc84b35d2650, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35d2648 Return Address: fffff8044dd9062a   Function: ExAllocatePool RCX: 200, RDX: 19710, R8: ffffbc84b35d2380, R9: ffffbc84b35d23e0 Return Address: fffff8044dd76230   Function: NtQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd384234c5000, R8: 19710, R9: ffffbc84b35d2648 Return Address: fffff8044d7059a8   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd384234c5000, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b35d266b, R9: ffffd384234c64d8 Return Address: fffff8044dd8ce2a   Function: KeSetSystemAffinityThread RCX: 1, RDX: 8, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35d2770 Return Address: fffff8044dea2bc1   Function: KeSetSystemAffinityThread RCX: 2, RDX: 8, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35d2770 Return Address: fffff8044dea2bc1   Function: KeSetSystemAffinityThread RCX: 4, RDX: 8, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35d2770 Return Address: fffff8044dea2bc1   Function: KeSetSystemAffinityThread RCX: 8, RDX: 8, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35d2770 Return Address: fffff8044dea2bc1   Function: KeRevertToUserAffinityThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b35d2778, R9: ffffffffe12f6b55 Return Address: fffff8044df61c67   Function: MmUnlockPages RCX: ffffd384233e2000, RDX: 8, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35d2660 Return Address: fffff8044df816ea   Function: IoFreeMdl RCX: ffffd384233e2000, RDX: 8, R8: 542b35c7, R9: ffffbc84b35d2660 Return Address: fffff8044dfb0743   Function: RtlCopyUnicodeString RCX: fffff8044d00b518, RDX: ffffd38423134000, R8: ffffbc84b35d1f60, R9: 10 Return Address: fffff8044cfade8c   Function: ExIsProcessorFeaturePresent RCX: a, RDX: ffffd38423134000, R8: ffffffffffff3fff, R9: fffff8044cfb3210 Return Address: fffff8044cfae70b   Function: RtlGetVersion RCX: ffffbc84b35d26f0, RDX: 7, R8: 2, R9: 1 Return Address: fffff8044cfae4d7   Function: MmGetSystemRoutineAddress RCX: ffffbc84b35d26d8, RDX: 7, R8: 2, R9: 1 Return Address: fffff8044cfae4f7   Function: NtQuerySystemInformation RCX: e3, RDX: ffffbc84b35d26d0, R8: 1, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfae516   Function: ZwOpenSection RCX: ffffbc84b35d2800, RDX: 5, R8: ffffbc84b35d2770, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfadbf0   Function: ZwQuerySection RCX: ffffffff80002b70, RDX: 1, R8: ffffbc84b35d27a0, R9: 40 Return Address: fffff8044cfadc27   Function: ObReferenceObjectByHandle RCX: ffffffff80002b70, RDX: 5, R8: ffffd3841d2cfbc0, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfadc57   Function: MmMapViewInSystemSpace RCX: ffffbe8a81ea2350, RDX: ffffbc84b35d2768, R8: ffffbc84b35d2760, R9: fffff80445e00000 Return Address: fffff8044cfadc6f   Function: MmUnmapViewInSystemSpace RCX: fffff80442c00000, RDX: be8a80ec7f880400, R8: ffffbc84b35d24e0, R9: ffffbc84b35d2748 Return Address: fffff8044cfadc92   Function: ObfDereferenceObject RCX: ffffbe8a81ea2350, RDX: ac, R8: ffffd3842323415a, R9: 2a Return Address: fffff8044cfadca1   Function: ZwClose RCX: ffffffff80002b70, RDX: ac, R8: ffffd3842323415a, R9: 2a Return Address: fffff8044cfadcb0   Function: ExInitializeResourceLite RCX: fffff8044d00b6e0, RDX: fffff8044d00b6e0, R8: ffffffff, R9: 7fffbe8a81ea2330 Return Address: fffff8044cfaebae   Function: ExInitializeNPagedLookasideList RCX: fffff8044d00b100, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: 200 Return Address: fffff8044cfab60c   Function: RtlInitializeGenericTableAvl RCX: fffff8044d00b180, RDX: fffff8044cfab460, R8: fffff8044cfab450, R9: fffff8044cfab480 Return Address: fffff8044cfab640   Function: PsGetCurrentThreadId RCX: ffffbc84b35d27e0, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfab658   Function: RtlInsertElementGenericTableAvl RCX: fffff8044d00b180, RDX: ffffbc84b35d2760, R8: 90, R9: ffffbc84b35d2728 Return Address: fffff8044cfab4ba   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 200, RDX: b0, R8: 74726375, R9: ffffbc84b35d2728 Return Address: fffff8044cfab3ae   Function: ExInitializeResourceLite RCX: fffff8044d00b5a0, RDX: fffff8044d00b5a0, R8: 0, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfaeafe   Function: ExInitializeResourceLite RCX: fffff8044d00b608, RDX: fffff8044d00b5a0, R8: 8, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfaeafe   Function: ExInitializeResourceLite RCX: fffff8044d00b670, RDX: fffff8044d00b5a0, R8: 0, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfaeafe   Function: ExInitializeNPagedLookasideList RCX: fffff8044d00b200, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: 200 Return Address: fffff8044cfada88   Function: RtlInitializeGenericTableAvl RCX: fffff8044d00b280, RDX: fffff8044cfad8c0, R8: fffff8044cfad8b0, R9: fffff8044cfad8e0 Return Address: fffff8044cfadabc   Function: PsGetCurrentThreadId RCX: ffffbc84b35d27e8, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfadad2   Function: RtlInsertElementGenericTableAvl RCX: fffff8044d00b280, RDX: ffffbc84b35d27a0, R8: 48, R9: ffffbc84b35d2768 Return Address: fffff8044cfad946   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 200, RDX: 68, R8: 74726375, R9: ffffbc84b35d2768 Return Address: fffff8044cfab3ae   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 200, RDX: 1c0, R8: 74726375, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfad45f   Function: RtlGetVersion RCX: ffffd3841de7b2bc, RDX: 11c, R8: 0, R9: fff Return Address: fffff8044cfa8cc7   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35d27d8 Return Address: fffff8044d702066   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b35d23c0 Return Address: fffff8044d70206c   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b35d27d8 Return Address: fffff8044d702074   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b35d2300, R9: ffffbc84b35d23c0 Return Address: fffff8044d702091   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35d27d8 Return Address: fffff8044d7020b9   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b35d23c0 Return Address: fffff8044d7020bf   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b35d27d8 Return Address: fffff8044d7020c5   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b35d2300, R9: ffffbc84b35d23c0 Return Address: fffff8044d7020d2   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 1, RDX: 1000, R8: 35384245, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d702252   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 200, RDX: 20, R8: 44533143, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d701f98   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: fff Return Address: fffff8044d701fef   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b35d2808, R9: 2f Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b27f0b38, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b27f0b38 Return Address: fffff8044d7009e2   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b27f0720 Return Address: fffff8044d7009f4   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b27f0b38 Return Address: fffff8044d7009fa   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b27f0600, R9: ffffbc84b27f0720 Return Address: fffff8044d700a3f   [smallzhong][DriverMain::<lambda_2>::operator ()():111] Function: KdRefreshDebuggerNotPresent RCX: fffff80446796028, RDX: 3bd, R8: fffff80446796000, R9: 188b5e66ecc8b28 Return Address: fffff8044d701634   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: 188b5e66ecc8b28 Return Address: fffff8044d7016c0   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b28c3af8, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b28c3af8 Return Address: fffff8044d700a81   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b28c36e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700a87   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b28c3af8 Return Address: fffff8044d700a8d   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b28c3600, R9: ffffbc84b28c36e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b02   [smallzhong][DriverMain::<lambda_1>::operator ()():87] Function: KdDisableDebugger RCX: fffff80446796028, RDX: 3b4, R8: fffff80446796000, R9: abb86a985761b61 Return Address: fffff8044d7018fd   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b28c3af8 Return Address: fffff8044d700b37   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b28c36e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b3d   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b28c3af8 Return Address: fffff8044d700b43   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b28c3600, R9: ffffbc84b28c36e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b87   Function: ZwProtectVirtualMemory RCX: ffffffffffffffff, RDX: ffffbc84b28c3b80, R8: ffffbc84b28c3b78, R9: 40 Return Address: fffff8044d701b36   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d701c02   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b27f0b38, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: fffff80445e00000 Return Address: fffff8044d701e86   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b35fcaf8, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700a81   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700a87   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700a8d   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b35fc600, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b02   [smallzhong][DriverMain::<lambda_1>::operator ()():87] Function: KdDisableDebugger RCX: fffff80446796028, RDX: 3b4, R8: fffff80446796000, R9: abb86a985761b61 Return Address: fffff8044d7018fd   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700b37   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b3d   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700b43   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b35fc600, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b87   Function: ZwProtectVirtualMemory RCX: ffffffffffffffff, RDX: ffffbc84b35fcb80, R8: ffffbc84b35fcb78, R9: 40 Return Address: fffff8044d701b36   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d701c02   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b350eb38, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: fffff80445e00000 Return Address: fffff8044d701e86   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b35fcaf8, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700a81   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700a87   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700a8d   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b35fc600, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b02   [smallzhong][DriverMain::<lambda_1>::operator ()():87] Function: KdDisableDebugger RCX: fffff80446796028, RDX: 3b4, R8: fffff80446796000, R9: abb86a985761b61 Return Address: fffff8044d7018fd   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700b37   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b3d   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700b43   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b35fc600, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b87   Function: ZwProtectVirtualMemory RCX: ffffffffffffffff, RDX: ffffbc84b35fcb80, R8: ffffbc84b35fcb78, R9: 40 Return Address: fffff8044d701b36   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d701c02   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b350eb38, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: fffff80445e00000 Return Address: fffff8044d701e86   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b35fcaf8, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700a81   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700a87   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700a8d   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b35fc600, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b02   [smallzhong][DriverMain::<lambda_1>::operator ()():87] Function: KdDisableDebugger RCX: fffff80446796028, RDX: 3b4, R8: fffff80446796000, R9: abb86a985761b61 Return Address: fffff8044d7018fd   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700b37   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b3d   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700b43   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b35fc600, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b87   Function: ZwProtectVirtualMemory RCX: ffffffffffffffff, RDX: ffffbc84b35fcb80, R8: ffffbc84b35fcb78, R9: 40 Return Address: fffff8044d701b36   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d701c02   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b27f0b38, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: fffff80445e00000 Return Address: fffff8044d701e86   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b35fcaf8, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700a81   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700a87   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700a8d   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b35fc600, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b02   [smallzhong][DriverMain::<lambda_1>::operator ()():87] Function: KdDisableDebugger RCX: fffff80446796028, RDX: 3b4, R8: fffff80446796000, R9: abb86a985761b61 Return Address: fffff8044d7018fd   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700b37   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b3d   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700b43   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b35fc600, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b87   Function: ZwProtectVirtualMemory RCX: ffffffffffffffff, RDX: ffffbc84b35fcb80, R8: ffffbc84b35fcb78, R9: 40 Return Address: fffff8044d701b36   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d701c02   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b28c3b38, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: fffff80445e00000 Return Address: fffff8044d701e86   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b35fcaf8, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700a81   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700a87   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700a8d   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b35fc600, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b02   [smallzhong][DriverMain::<lambda_1>::operator ()():87] Function: KdDisableDebugger RCX: fffff80446796028, RDX: 3b4, R8: fffff80446796000, R9: abb86a985761b61 Return Address: fffff8044d7018fd   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700b37   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b3d   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b35fcaf8 Return Address: fffff8044d700b43   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b35fc600, R9: ffffbc84b35fc6e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b87   Function: ZwProtectVirtualMemory RCX: ffffffffffffffff, RDX: ffffbc84b35fcb80, R8: ffffbc84b35fcb78, R9: 40 Return Address: fffff8044d701b36   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d701c02   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b28c3b38, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: fffff80445e00000 Return Address: fffff8044d701e86   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b27f0af8, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: KeQueryActiveProcessorCount RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d6ff80f   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 200, RDX: 9d4000, R8: 41316333, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d6ff85c   Function: KeDelayExecutionThread RCX: 0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b35d2808, R9: 689 Return Address: fffff8044d7009b1   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b27f0af8 Return Address: fffff8044d700a81   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b27f06e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700a87   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b27f0af8 Return Address: fffff8044d700a8d   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b27f0600, R9: ffffbc84b27f06e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b02   [smallzhong][DriverMain::<lambda_1>::operator ()():87] Function: KdDisableDebugger RCX: fffff80446796028, RDX: 3b4, R8: fffff80446796000, R9: abb86a985761b61 Return Address: fffff8044d7018fd   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: ffffbc84b27f0af8 Return Address: fffff8044d700b37   Function: ExAllocatePoolWithTag RCX: 0, RDX: cb88, R8: 6d6f646c, R9: ffffbc84b27f06e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b3d   Function: ZwQuerySystemInformation RCX: b, RDX: ffffd38425606000, R8: cb88, R9: ffffbc84b27f0af8 Return Address: fffff8044d700b43   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38425606000, RDX: 6d6f646c, R8: ffffbc84b27f0600, R9: ffffbc84b27f06e0 Return Address: fffff8044d700b87   Function: ZwProtectVirtualMemory RCX: ffffffffffffffff, RDX: ffffbc84b27f0b80, R8: ffffbc84b27f0b78, R9: 40 Return Address: fffff8044d701b36   Function: ExQueueWorkItem RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 1, R8: ffffd38420034940, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d701c02   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38420034940, RDX: 44533143, R8: 20, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044d701e86   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffbe8a89381000, RDX: 35384245, R8: ffffd3841d269040, R9: fffff80445e00000 Return Address: fffff8044d701f3d   Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd3841de7b290, RDX: 74726375, R8: ffffbc84b35d26b8, R9: ffffffff Return Address: fffff8044cfad885   Function: ExEnterCriticalRegionAndAcquireResourceExclusive RCX: fffff8044d00b5a0, RDX: ffffbc84b35d2840, R8: ffffbc84b35d2848, R9: ffffbc84b35d2878 Return Address: fffff8044cfae5ac   Function: ExEnterCriticalRegionAndAcquireResourceExclusive RCX: fffff8044d00b5a0, RDX: ffffbc84b35d27c8, R8: ffffbc84b35d2790, R9: ffffbc84b35d27c0 Return Address: fffff8044cfae895   Function: ExReleaseResourceAndLeaveCriticalRegion RCX: fffff8044d00b5a0, RDX: fffff8044d00b568, R8: 641e7b808835, R9: ffffbc84b35d27c0 Return Address: fffff8044cfae9c2   Function: ExReleaseResourceAndLeaveCriticalRegion RCX: fffff8044d00b5a0, RDX: fffff8044cfb0240, R8: ffffbc84b35d26d0, R9: ffffbc84b35d27c0 Return Address: fffff8044cfae5bd   Function: RtlGetElementGenericTableAvl RCX: fffff8044d00b280, RDX: 0, R8: ffffbc84b35d27c0, R9: ffffbc84b35d27c0 Return Address: fffff8044cfadb45   Function: RtlDeleteElementGenericTableAvl RCX: fffff8044d00b280, RDX: ffffd384232486b0, R8: 0, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfadb36   Function: RtlGetElementGenericTableAvl RCX: fffff8044d00b280, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfadb45   Function: ExDeleteNPagedLookasideList RCX: fffff8044d00b200, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfadb57   Function: ExDeleteResourceLite RCX: fffff8044d00b670, RDX: 8f, R8: ffffd3842323415a, R9: 2a Return Address: fffff8044cfaeb66   Function: ExDeleteResourceLite RCX: fffff8044d00b608, RDX: 0, R8: ffffd3842323415a, R9: 2a Return Address: fffff8044cfaeb66   Function: ExDeleteResourceLite RCX: fffff8044d00b5a0, RDX: 0, R8: ffffd3842323415a, R9: 2a Return Address: fffff8044cfaeb66   Function: RtlGetElementGenericTableAvl RCX: fffff8044d00b180, RDX: 0, R8: ffffd3842323415a, R9: 2a Return Address: fffff8044cfab6c9   Function: RtlDeleteElementGenericTableAvl RCX: fffff8044d00b180, RDX: ffffd38422954f40, R8: 0, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfab6ba   Function: RtlGetElementGenericTableAvl RCX: fffff8044d00b180, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfab6c9   Function: ExDeleteNPagedLookasideList RCX: fffff8044d00b100, RDX: 0, R8: 0, R9: 0 Return Address: fffff8044cfab6db   Function: ExDeleteResourceLite RCX: fffff8044d00b6e0, RDX: 27, R8: ffffd384229431ac, R9: 24 Return Address: fffff8044cfaebf6   Function: DbgPrintEx RCX: 4d, RDX: 0, R8: fffff8044cfb0840, R9: c0000001 Return Address: fffff8044cfadf0c   DriverEntry failed 0xc0000001 for driver \REGISTRY\MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\ACEDriver Function: ExFreePoolWithTag RCX: ffffd38422ef9e00, RDX: 0, R8: 140d712a4, R9: 2 Return Address: fffff8044e053193

  可以看到，会两个workitem互相调用，后面应该是 HV 的 EPT 相关信息的申请和保存，也可以通过这些函数的调用地点反推到关键函数。接下来的分析就不写了。因为找到关键算法位置之后就是令人头晕的逆向环节。本框架只能用来快速定位整个驱动的关键逻辑点，但是逆向工作还是需要自己手动通过打印出来的返回地址回溯并手工逆向。